nginx 转换rewrite规则


重定向到主站

共享站点的管理员,习惯于只在Apache下使用.htaccess文件配置所有信息,通常会将下面规则

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} nginx.org
RewriteRule (.*) http://www.nginx.org$1
翻译成这样:

server {
listen 80;
server_name www.nginx.org nginx.org;
if ($http_host = nginx.org) {
rewrite (.*) http://www.nginx.org$1;
}
...
}
这种做法是错的,复杂而且低效。正确的方式是为nginx.org定义一个单独的服务器:

server {
listen 80;
server_name nginx.org;
return 301 http://www.nginx.org$request_uri;
}

server {
listen 80;
server_name www.nginx.org;
...
}
在0.9.1版本(含)以前,可以这样实现重定向:
rewrite ^ http://www.nginx.org$request_uri?;
再举一个例子,处理一个和刚才相反的逻辑:既不是来自nginx.com,又不是来自www.nginx.com:

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !nginx.com
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !www.nginx.com
RewriteRule (.*) http://www.nginx.com$1
应该按下面这样分开定义nginx.com、www.nginx.com和其他站点:

server {
listen 80;
server_name nginx.com www.nginx.com;
...
}

server {
listen 80 default_server;
server_name _;
return 301 http://nginx.com$request_uri;
}
在0.9.1版本(含)以前,可以这样实现重定向:
rewrite ^ http://nginx.com$request_uri?;
转化混合规则

典型的混合规则如下:

DocumentRoot /var/www/myapp.com/current/public

RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/system/maintenance.html -f
RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !maintenance.html
RewriteRule ^.*$ %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/system/maintenance.html [L]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1 [QSA,L]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}/index.html -f
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1/index.html [QSA,L]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}.html -f
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1/index.html [QSA,L]

RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ balancer://mongrel_cluster%{REQUEST_URI} [P,QSA,L]
转换成nginx配置应该是这样:

location / {
root /var/www/myapp.com/current/public;

try_files /system/maintenance.html
$uri $uri/index.html $uri.html
@mongrel;
}

location @mongrel {
proxy_pass http://mongrel;
}


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